notes:lpic-1_notes
Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
| Both sides previous revision Previous revision Next revision | Previous revision | ||
|
notes:lpic-1_notes [2026/06/13 01:20] 114.119.145.205 old revision restored (2026/06/08 09:25) |
notes:lpic-1_notes [2026/06/13 20:26] (current) 216.73.216.69 old revision restored (2026/06/12 15:49) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
| * Enhanced Host Controller Interface (EHCI) - USB 2.0 - 480 MBps - high speed | * Enhanced Host Controller Interface (EHCI) - USB 2.0 - 480 MBps - high speed | ||
| * Extensible Host Controller Interface (XHCI) - USB 3.0 - 4 GBps - super speed | * Extensible Host Controller Interface (XHCI) - USB 3.0 - 4 GBps - super speed | ||
| + | * Wireless Host Controller Interface (WHCI) - Wireless USB 1.0 - 480 MBps | ||
| * Effective speed is lowest speed of device, cable and hub | * Effective speed is lowest speed of device, cable and hub | ||
| * Classes of USB devices : | * Classes of USB devices : | ||
| Line 55: | Line 56: | ||
| * Check boot events in the log file | * Check boot events in the log file | ||
| * Terms: / | * Terms: / | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Notes == | ||
| + | * Boot Loader (LILO or GRUB) launches the linux kernel, passing kernel parameters if needed (/ | ||
| + | * Module options (as well as aliases and post-install and pre-remove actions) are stored in / | ||
| + | * //dmesg// displays kernel messages logged at last system boot. | ||
| + | * // / | ||
| === 101.3 Change runlevels and shutdown or reboot system (LCN-4 CTL-5) === | === 101.3 Change runlevels and shutdown or reboot system (LCN-4 CTL-5) === | ||
| Line 64: | Line 71: | ||
| * Knowledge of basic features of systemd and Upstart | * Knowledge of basic features of systemd and Upstart | ||
| * Terms: / | * Terms: / | ||
| - | < | + | |
| + | == Notes == | ||
| + | * When linux boots, first process is the //init// process which selects and switches to default runlevel. | ||
| + | * Runlevels - 0=shutdown, 1/ | ||
| + | * On Debian, 2 is default and 3,5 are not used. On Redhat, 3 is the default. | ||
| + | * /etc/rc script to change runlevels on redhat (also init/ | ||
| + | * / | ||
| + | * / | ||
| + | * /etc/init.d contains startup/ | ||
| + | * /etc/rc0.d - /etc/rc6.d contain softlinks KNNservice or SNNservice specifying whether to start or stop services and in what order for that runlevel (done by init process). Kills done before starts. | ||
| + | * / | ||
| + | * // | ||
| + | * //shutdown [options] time [warning message]// | ||
| ==== 102 Installation and Package Management 18% ==== | ==== 102 Installation and Package Management 18% ==== | ||
| Line 73: | Line 92: | ||
| * Knowledge of basic features of LVM | * Knowledge of basic features of LVM | ||
| * Terms: / (root) filesystem, /var filesystem, /home filesystem, swap space, mount points, partitions | * Terms: / (root) filesystem, /var filesystem, /home filesystem, swap space, mount points, partitions | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Notes== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * choosing a disk layout for linux depends on amount of disk space, purpose of the system, size of the system and backup strategy. Some general guidelines are | ||
| + | * If diskspace is limited, just /boot, / and /swap | ||
| + | * /boot is a separate 50MB partition because older kernels/ | ||
| + | * For larger systems keep / smaller/ | ||
| + | * Can use separate partitions for /var (to isolate system logs), /tmp (to isolate tempfiles), /home (for backup and RAIDing of user's data) | ||
| + | * Using a separate partition for /usr allows it to be shared via read-only NFS which allows for saving space and easier maintenance of apps/ | ||
| + | * Superblock on filesystem contains critical metadata so multiple redundant copies are kept. | ||
| + | * Filesystems must be mounted (listed in filesystem table) before being accessible. /etc/fstab is a list of filesystems to mount on boot up. | ||
| + | * Master Boot Record on first 512 bytes of first sector of disk contains info on partitions and bootup. Can be backed up and restored with < | ||
| + | dd if=/dev/hda of=~/ | ||
| + | dd if=~/ | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * To backup/ | ||
| + | sfdisk -d /dev/hda > partition_backup.txt | ||
| + | sfdisk /dev/hda < partition_backup.txt | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * Linux may also be booted from Live USB which allows for persistent modifications. If the BIOS does nto support this, a bootable CD can be used first. | ||
| + | * Swap space allows main memory to be temporarily copied to disk. As a starting point set swap to twice the memory size (at least the same size). | ||
| === 102.2 Install a boot manager (LCN-5 CTL-5) === | === 102.2 Install a boot manager (LCN-5 CTL-5) === | ||
| Line 98: | Line 138: | ||
| * Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from | * Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from | ||
| * Terms: rpm, rpm2cpio, / | * Terms: rpm, rpm2cpio, / | ||
| - | |||
| ==== 103 GNU / Unix Commands 43% ==== | ==== 103 GNU / Unix Commands 43% ==== | ||
notes/lpic-1_notes.1781338810.txt.gz · Last modified: 2026/06/13 01:20 by 114.119.145.205 · Currently locked by: 103.53.162.31
Except where otherwise noted, content on this wiki is licensed under the following license: CC Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 International
